2D images of reconstructions
A stack of reconstruction pila of the Legio I Italica group at Hadrian's Wall Live 2015. Image: MCB
Pila
Reconstruction Oberaden-type pilum not bending after being thrown. Image: MCB
Pilum
Reconstructed Oberaden-type pilum. Image: MCB
Pilum
Pompeii-type spatha reconstruction (Ermine Street Guard). Image: MCB (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Spatha and scabbard
Pompeii-type spatha reconstruction (Ermine Street Guard). Image: MCB (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Spatha and scabbard
Fulham Mainz-type gladius of the the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Mainz-type sword and scabbard
Pompeii-type gladius of the the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Pompeii-type sword and scabbard
Modern reconstruction of a Pompeii-type gladius. Image: Rama (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Sword
Reconstructed (by the Ermine Street Guard) dagger and scabbard, based on an amalgam of more than one design. Image: MCB
Dagger
Left a reproduction tinned baldric phalera with the word OPTIME MAXIME CON(SERVA) in openwork around an eagle with wings stooped and head turned to right; on the right a rectangular baldric plate with the openwork words NUMERUM OMNIUM (with Us as Vs) and, hinged to it, a heart-shaped pendant with the word MILITANTIUM, both tinned. Motto means something like 'Best and Greatest, protect the whole unit in service'. Image: MCB
Baldric fittings
Reconstructed double-ended stakes, bows, shield, and various tools displayed at Kleinkastell Pohl. Image: MCB
Various pieces of equipment
Reconstructed composite bows displayed at Kleinkastell Pohl. Image: MCB
Bows
Schramm's reconstruction of the Ampurias catapult, now in the Saalburg Museum. Image: SBA73
Artillery
Curved rectangular shield resting on the ground beside a pilum with a helmet placed over the shield boss. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Shield and helmet
Reconstruction of a curved rectangular shield, based on the Dura-Europos original, created by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Shield
A leather shield cover reconstruction of the Legio I Italica group at Hadrian's Wall Live 2015. Image: MCB
Shield cover
Reconstructed mail shirt with central double-S-shaped fastener in the centre. Image: Álvaro Pérez Vilariño
Mail shirt
Early 20th-century lorica segmentata reconstruction in the Museo della Civiltà Romana. Based on depictions on the helical frieze of Trajan's Column, it incorporates elements based on those discovered by von Groller at carnuntum. Image: MCB
Lorica segmentata front view
Complete Corbridge type B/C lorica segmentata viewed from the front. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Lorica segmentata front view
Complete Corbridge type B/C lorica segmentata viewed from the rear. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Lorica segmentata rear view
Top view of collapsed lorica segmentata showing the four principal interleaved components. This was how cuirass elements were stored in the Corbridge Hoard. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Collapsed lorica sementata
Top view of the lower half of lorica segmentata showing the internal leathering sagging. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Lorica segmentata girth hoops
Interior view of a an upper quadrant of lorica segmentata showing the internal leathering. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Lorica segmentata girth hoops
Detail of the lobate hinges and decorated washer around rivets on an upper shoulderguard of a Corbridge type B/C cuirass. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Lorica segmentata upper shoulderguard
Detail of the horizontal hinged buckle and vertical fastener of a Corbridge type B/C cuirass. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Lorica segmentata fasteners
Reconstructed Newstead-type lorica segmentata. Image: Nanomat
Lorica segmentata front view
Reconstruction of the Newstead brass armguard made by Peter Connolly. Image: MCB (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Armguard
Ferrous Weisenau (Imperial-Gallic)-type helmet. Image: MCB
Helmet
Helmet with transverse crest. Image: Matthias Kabel
Helmet
Ferrous Weisenau (Imperial-Gallic)-type helmet. Image: Claudia Thunnissen
Helmet
Replica ferrous Niederbieber-type helmet with copper-alloy edging, brow band, brow guard, ear guards, and cross-pieces. 3rd century. Image: Einsamer Schütze
Helmet
Cavalry 'sports' helmet from Nijmegen with woven 'hair net'. Image: Wolfgang Sauber
Helmet
Cavalry 'sports' helmet from Nijmegen with woven 'hair net'. Image: Museum het Valkhof (Public Domain Mark 1.0
Helmet
Modern reconstruction of a caliga. Image: Matthias Kabel
Caliga
View of worn hobnails on the sole of a caliga. Image: Matthias Kabel (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Hobnails
Replica cornu. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Cornu
Double-ended wooden stakes lashed together in threes as obstacles to form large caltrops. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Wooden obstacles
Pairs of double-ended wooden stakes lashed together to form a palisade and ditch obstacles. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Wooden obstacles
Leather tent based on finds from Vindolanda and other sites. Image: MCB
Tent
Leather tent based on finds from Vindolanda and other sites. Image: MCB
Tent
Modern tent peg made of wood, virtually identical to Roman examples. Image: MCB
Tent peg
Reconstructed Connolly four-horned saddle (reconstruction Comitatus). Image: MCB
Four-horned saddle
Long-reining a horse at ROMEC XVIIII (2016). Stationary. Image: MCB
Long reins
Long-reining a horse at ROMEC XVIIII (2016). Walking. Image: MCB
Long reins
Replica ring junction from horse harness, with four junction loops attached. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Ring junction
Replica phalera junction from horse harness, with two junction loops attached, a horizontal strap on a strap slide, and a hinged pendant. Reconstructed by the Ermine Street Guard. Image: MCB
Phalera junction
Reconstruction of the Dura-Europos copper-alloy scale trapper from horse armour. Image: MCB
Trapper
Polychrome reconstruction of the infantry tombstone of Firmus. Image: Nightflyer (CC BY-SA 4.0)
Tombstone
Polychrome reconstruction of the cavalry tombstone of Rufus. Image: Michael Schmalenstroer (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Tombstone