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Roman Military Equipment
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Roman Military Equipment

From Start to Finish

About us

About us

M. C. Bishop is a freelance writer, publisher, and archaeologist. The founding editor of the Journal of Roman Military Equipment Studies, he has been a Research Associate at the University of Newcastle, a Visiting Lecturer in Classics at the University of St Andrews, and an Affiliate Researcher in the Endangered Archaeology project at the University of Oxford. He is a fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, as well as a member of the Roman Society and the Roman Finds Group. He has written one or two books and articles on the subject of Roman military equipment. Find him on Twitter as @perlineamvalli.

J. C. N. Coulston was a Lecturer in Ancient History and Archaeology in the School of Classics, University of St Andrews (Scotland), and a Research Associate in the Dept of Classics, Trinity College Dublin. His PhD was a study of the creation of Trajan’s Column in Rome, and the depiction of the Roman military world on that monument’s reliefs. He published widely on Roman sculpture, especially from Rome and from northern Britain, and had particular military interests in iconography, archery, cavalry, Late Antique warfare, and Asiatic steppe nomads. He was a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London, and of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Jon sadly died on July 6th 2024, but it was his wish that this project be completed. It will be.

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Gallery Samples

Curved rectangular shield umbo with a green patina and with a hemispherical boss in the centre for the hand grip.
Curved, rectangular copper-alloy shield boss with six of eight domed shield nails in situ. Image: P. Gross
Shield boss
Soldiers with oval, coloured shields (red, white, and blue) and similarly coloured leggings.
Crossing the Red Sea fresco from the synagogue at Dura-Europos depicting soldiers with multi-coloured shields lined up before standard-bearers with vexilla. Image: Wikimedia Commons
Fresco
Fragmentary ferrous back plate attached to scales, found in the Millennium excavations at Carlisle. The ferrous components are corroded brownish orange and the copper-alloy examples are mid-green.
Ferrous back plate and scales from lorica squamata from Carlisle (GBR). The mostly ferrous scales are interspersed with copper alloy scales. Image: scrappy annie (CC BY-NC 2.0)
Scale armour
A ferrous cavalry helmet with partially surviving bronze sheathing includes horizontal trilobate protrusions above the brow.
Ferrous cavalry helmet with copper-alloy (probably brass) embossed and incised sheathing (most of it missing over the bowl). The cheek piece may not be original (or may be a clumsy repair). A plume tube survives on the left-hand side just above the ear. Image: National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden (CC0 1.0)
Cavalry helmet
Brass-coloured belt plate with four empty rivet holes, one in each corner.
Copper-alloy belt plate from Chichester, hinged for a buckle or suspension frog. Image: MCB
Belt plate
Silvered phalera junction with three strap loops and a trifid pendant.
Three-way strap junction from harness found at Doorwerth. Three junction loops and a trefoil pendant are hinged to loops on the rear face of the phalera. Brass with silver foil soldered on the front face and with niello inlay depicting stylised vine leaves and grapes. Image: National Museum of Antiquities, Leiden (CC0 1.0)
Phalera junction
To the top is a heavily corroded ferrous Antonine dagger blade and tang with part of the handle adhering, whilst below it is the ferrous frame scabbard for the weapon, also corroded.
Dagger and scabbard of the Antonine form from Stillfried (AT). Part of the handle survives on the blade and tang. Image: Wolfgang Sauber
Dagger and scabbard
A ferrous helmet with broad neck guard, cheek pieces, and brow guard.
Ferrous Weisenau (Imperial-Gallic)-type helmet. Image: MCB
Helmet
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